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Madge Kendal
Dame Madge Kendal GBE (born Margaret Shafto Robertson; 15 March 1848 – 14 September 1935) was an English actress of the Victorian and Edwardian eras, best known for her roles in Shakespeare and English comedies. Together with her husband, W. H. Kendal, she became an important theatre manager.
==Early years==
Kendal was born in Great Grimsby, reportedly the youngest of 22 children of Margharetta Elisabetta Robertson (née Marinus; died 1876), a native of Denmark, and her English husband, William Robertson (died 1872), who joined his wife's family of actors and became their manager in 1830. One of Kendal's brothers was T.W. Robertson, a dramatist who led the movement toward naturalistic acting and design in theatre.〔Foulkes, Richard. ("Kendal, Dame Madge (1848–1935)", ) ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'', Oxford University Press, September 2004, accessed 27 December 2009〕 One of her sisters, Fanny Robertson, was also an actress.〔Gillan, Don. (Profile of Madge Kendal ), stagebeauty.net, accessed 22 February 2010〕 Kendal was home-schooled by a governess and her father, who read Shakespeare to her from an early age.〔Mrs. Alec-Tweedie (1904) ''Behind the Footlights'', Dodd Mead and Co., New York〕
In 1854, Kendal had her first speaking role as Marie in the drama ''The Struggle for Gold'' by Edward Stirling under her father's management. She next appeared with her family as a blind girl, Jeannie, in the stage adaptation of ''The Seven Poor Travellers'' by Charles Dickens. Her family was engaged by in Bristol the next year, where Kendal played in an adaptation of ''Uncle Tom's Cabin'' as Eva. Although she sang well as a child, she contracted diphtheria, and her voice suffered after the removal of her tonsils. Nevertheless, she played a singing role in ''A Midsummer Night's Dream'', with songs by Felix Mendelssohn, at the Bath Theatre in 1863, starring Ellen Terry as Titania and Kate Terry as Oberon. Throughout this period, she performed with her family in Bristol and Bath.〔
In 1865, Kendal was playing adult roles in London, beginning with Ophelia in ''Hamlet'', Blanche in ''King John'' and Desdemona in ''Othello'' at the Haymarket Theatre in London. She was Mary Meredith in ''Our American Cousin'' with Sothern, and Pauline to his Claud Melnotte. But her most notable early successes were at the Haymarket in Shakespearian revivals and the old English comedies. At the Haymarket, she starred with and met her future husband, W. H. Kendal, whom she married in 1869. Mrs. Kendal played Rosalind, Lady Teazle, Lydia Languish and Kate Hardcastle, while her husband played Orlando, Charles Surface, Jack Absolute and Young Marlowe. The two thereafter acted mostly together. She then toured the provinces, joining the playwright and theatre manager William Brough〔Pemberton, p. (43 )〕 and the actor Samuel Phelps in 1866 at the Theatre Royal, Hull. She substituted in the role of Lady Macbeth, for an actress who was ill, opposite Phelps, who engaged her to appear as Lady Teazle at the Standard Theatre, Shoreditch, opposite his Sir Peter in ''The School for Scandal''. During the following years, her reputation grew during engagements with F. B. Chatterton at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, E. A. Sothern at the Haymarket, and John Hollingshead at the Gaiety Theatre, London, as well as provincial appearances.〔
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